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Wet bulb temperature is an indicator that measures the combined effects of air humidity and temperature, typically used to evaluate the impact of the environment on the cooling capacity of cooling towers.

The wet bulb temperature is defined as the adiabatic saturation temperature at which air and water come into direct contact under constant pressure adiabatic conditions and reach a stable thermal and moisture equilibrium. This definition actually involves dry bulb temperature and relative humidity of the air.

Dry bulb temperature refers to the measurement of air temperature without considering air humidity. The wet bulb temperature takes into account the humidity of the air and is obtained by measuring the temperature on the thermometer wrapped in moist gauze. This moist gauze evaporates moisture in the air, thereby taking away heat, causing the measured temperature to often be lower than the actual dry bulb temperature.

From the perspective of measurement technology, the determination of wet bulb temperature requires the use of a specially designed thermometer - a wet bulb thermometer. A part of this thermometer is wrapped in moist gauze, with the lower end of the gauze immersed in water to maintain its continuous moisture. When this device is placed in flowing unsaturated air, the moisture on the gauze will cool down due to evaporation, thereby reducing the temperature shown on the thermometer. Under certain environmental conditions, the wet bulb temperature can be calculated by the difference between the dry and wet bulb temperatures.